Seunaleuëk:Lang/doc

This template should not be used in citation templates such as Seunaleuëk:Cs1 and Seunaleuëk:Cs2, because it includes markup that will pollute the COinS metadata they produce; see COinS in Wikipedia.

This is a documentation subpage for Seunaleuëk:Lang (see that page for the seunaleuëk itself).
It contains usage information, categories, interlanguage links and other content that is not part of the original seunaleuëk page.

This template uses Lua:

Module:Lang

{{{1}}}

The purpose of this template is to indicate that a piece of text belongs to a particular language other than that of the page as a whole (by default, English, on this Wikipedia). It can be used inline, or around block-level elements such as <poem>, paragraphs, lists, or divs.

The template italicises the text by default (this can be suppressed, and does not apply to certain scripts) and can prompt web browsers to use a more appropriate font or screen readers to use a particular kind of pronunciation and so on. See Seunaleuëk:Section link for more information.

Syntax and usage

Galat skrip: tidak ada modul tersebut "in5".{{lang|language tag|text}}

The language tag must be an ISO 639 language code. See the list of ISO 639-1 codes for two-letter codes, and the list of ISO 639-3 codes, which defines three-letter codes and aims to cover all known natural languages.

The template also supports properly formatted IETF language tags using subtags that identify the language's script, region, and/or variant. The ISO 639 language code is a two- or three-letter abbreviation, in lowercase, of the language's name. French, for example, has the code fr:

She said: "{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}" → She said: "Je suis française."

Because all languages represented by two-letter codes in ISO 639-1 can also be represented by their three-letter equivalents in ISO 639-2 and above, it is recommended to use the shortest language tag possible that sufficiently describes the target language.^[1] So while French could be represented by ISO 639-2's fra code, use the ISO 639-1 code fr instead. Likewise, script, region, and variant information should be included only when they provide a necessary distinction. For an up-to-date list of available language, script, region, and variant codes, please refer to the IANA's language subtag registry.

By default, this template will place articles into the relevant subcategory of Seunaleuëk:Category link. To suppress this – e.g. when using {{lang}} within a wikilink or the title parameter of a citation – add the parameter |cat=no.

Formatting

Automatic italics

{{lang}} automatically applies italic styling when the text in Seunaleuëk:Param is written entirely in the Latn script (the Latin alphabet and its extensions), either when that is the default encoding for the language or when it is triggered by a xx-Latn language codeSeunaleuëk:Colon

{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}} → Je suis française.
''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}'' → Je suis française. – external markup is ignored
{{lang|he-Latn|la'az}} ({{lang|he|לעז}}) → la'az (Lua error in Modul:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value).)
''{{lang|he-Latn|la'az}}'' (Seunaleuëk:!mxt) → la'az (Seunaleuëk:!mxt) – external markup is ignored around the he-Latn text, but will incorrectly italicize the Hebrew-character material.

When Latn script should not be italicized, there are multiple approachesSeunaleuëk:Colon |italic=no – renders Seunaleuëk:Param in upright font; italic markup around the template is ignored; italic markup inside the template causes an error messageSeunaleuëk:Colon

{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=no}} → Je suis française.
''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=no}}'' → Je suis française.
''{{lang|fr|Je suis ''française''.|italic=no}}'' → [Je suis française.] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) – italic markup in conflict with |italic=no

|italic=unset – disables template-provided styling; Seunaleuëk:Param is styled according to external or internal wiki markupSeunaleuëk:Colon

{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=unset}} → Je suis française.
''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=unset}}'' → Je suis française.
{{lang|fr|''Je suis'' English.|italic=unset}} → Je suis English.

{{noitalic}} can also be usedSeunaleuëk:Colon

{{lang|fr|Je suis {{noitalic|English}}.}} → Je suis English.

Prefixed language template

There is a version of this template, {{ langx }}, which is intended to be used the first time a language appears in an article. These templates will print the language's name and, when appropriate, italicize their content:

A '''kremlin''' ({{langx|ru|кремль}}, 'castle') is a major fortified central complex ... → A kremlin (Russian: кремль, 'castle') is a major fortified central complex ...

While the Seunaleuëk:Tnull template outputs text in italics for languages with Latin-based scripts, if plain text is required, such as for proper names, |italic=no or {{noitalic}} may be used:

the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|Vintimille}}) → the border town of Ventimiglia (French: Vintimille)
the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|italic=no|Vintimille}}) → the border town of Ventimiglia (French: Vintimille)
the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|{{noitalic|Vintimille}}}}) → the border town of Ventimiglia (French: Vintimille)

When formatting foreign-language text to match style guidelines, it is best to exclude the styling markup from the template, so that any extraneous markup which is not from the foreign language does not receive incorrect metadata for that language. This includes: English-language quotation marks around titles of works in languages that use other quotation character glyphs; italicization of titles in languages which do not use that convention; and emphasis that is not found (in one style or another) in the original foreign text; among other cases. If in doubt, put such markup outside the template when possible.

Seunaleuëk:See also

Proto-languages

{{lang|cel-x-proto|kal-}}
{{lang|cel-x-proto|kal-|proto=no}}
{{langx|cel-x-proto|kal-}}
{{langx|cel-x-proto|kal-|proto=no}}
{{lang|en|accidently}}
{{lang|en|accidently|proto=yes}}

Seunaleuëk:Crossref

Right-to-left languages

To embed a string of right-to-left text (such as Arabic or Hebrew) within the usual left-to-right context, |rtl=yes should be added to correctly communicate writing direction. To mark a whole paragraph of right-to-left text, {{ rtl-para }} should be used instead.

Any of these approaches will wrap the text in a container with the dir="rtl" attribute. In order to ensure correct rendering in browsers that do not fully support HTML5 bidirectional isolation, a left-to-right mark is also added to the end of the text (see the W3C for details).

Note that text direction does not need to be specified when using the Seunaleuëk:Tnull templates, as this is implied by the template's language.

Exception for scientific names

Per , Seunaleuëk:Tq.

Parameters

Lang supported parameters
Parameter	Definition	Yields to	Alias
`\|code=`	IETF language tag for the content in `text`	–	`\|1=`
`\|text=`	non-English text	–	`\|2=`
`\|rtl=`	`yes` indicates that the writing system used for the content in `\|text=` is right-to-left; accepted values are: `no` (default), `yes`	IETF script subtag in `\|code=` (if provided)
`\|italic=`	Seunaleuëk:Crossreference; accepted values are: `yes`, `no`, `unset`, `invert`, `default`	–	`\|italics=`, `\|i=`
`\|size=`	specifies font size of the content in `text`; use a value suitable for use with the CSS `font-size` property; this should almost always be a relative value supplied in `Seunaleuëk:Mxt` or `Seunaleuëk:Mxt` units, not a fixed `Seunaleuëk:!mxt` value.	–
`\|proto=`	accepted values are: `no` (default) or `yes` (default for private-use language tags with the `-x-proto` subtags); when `yes` (default or explicit), prefixes rendered text with an asterisk indicating 'unattested'	–
`\|cat=`	inhibits automatic categorization; mirror version of `\|nocat=`; accepted values are: `no`, `n`, `false`, `f`, `off`, `0`	–
`\|nocat=`	inhibits automatic categorization; mirror version of `\|cat=`; accepted values are: `yes`, `y`, `true`, `t`, `on`, `1`	–

Lang |italic= parameter operation
\|italic= value	description	example code	result	html markup
parameter not present; parameter present, not set; invalid value	module applies style from: auto-italics or script subtag `latn`; else inherits from external markup; invalid values treated as default	`{{lang\|ru\|тундра}}`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">тундра</span></span>`
		`Seunaleuëk:Deprecated code`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru">tûndra</i></span>` Incorrect markup; this requires `\|ru-Latn`.
		`{{lang\|fr\|toundra}}`	toundra	`<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">toundra</i></span>`
		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">tûndra</i></span>`
`default`		`{{lang\|ru\|тундра\|italic=default}}`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">тундра</span></span>`
		`{{lang\|fr\|toundra\|italic=default}}`	toundra	`<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">toundra</i></span>`
		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra\|italic=default}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">tûndra</i></span>`
`no`	module applies upright style; overrides auto-italics overrides script subtag `latn`; overrides external markup	`{{lang\|ru\|тундра\|italic=no}}`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">тундра</span></span>`
		`{{lang\|fr\|toundra\|italic=no}}`	toundra	`<span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">toundra</span></span>`
		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra\|italic=no}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru-Latn" style="font-style: normal;">tûndra</span></span>`
		`''{{lang\|fr\|toundra\|italic=no}}''`	toundra	`''<span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">toundra</span></span>''`
`yes`	module applies italic style; ignores auto-italics; ignores script subtag `latn`	`Seunaleuëk:Deprecated code`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru">тундра</i></span>` Incorrect markup per .
`yes`		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra\|italic=yes}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">tûndra</i></span>`
`unset`	module applies no style; inherits style from external markup; disables auto-italics overrides script subtag `latn`;	`{{lang\|ru\|тундра\|italic=unset}}`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">тундра</span></span>`
		`Seunaleuëk:Deprecated code`	тундра	`''<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">тундра</span></span>''` Incorrect markup per .
		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra\|italic=unset}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru-Latn">tûndra</span></span>`
		`''{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra\|italic=unset}}''`	tûndra	`''<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru-Latn">tûndra</span></span>''`
`invert`	module applies no style; inverts style in internal markup;^{[lower-alpha 1]} disables auto-italics overrides script subtag `latn`;	`Seunaleuëk:Deprecated code`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">''тундра''</span></span>` Incorrect markup per .
		`{{lang\|ru\|''тундра''\|italic=invert}}`	тундра	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">тундра</span></span>`
		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|tûndra\|italic=invert}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru-Latn">''tûndra''</span></span>`
		`{{lang\|ru-Latn\|''tûndra''\|italic=invert}}`	tûndra	`<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru-Latn">tûndra</span></span>`

Notes

Seunaleuëk:Notelist

The function selector parameter

{{lang}} uses the Lua function lang() Module:Lang. That module also supports all of the Seunaleuëk:Tnull templates using the Lua functions lang_xx_inherit() and lang_xx_italic(). The module has other functions that may be useful. The function selector parameter |fn= tells module:lang which function to execute. The available functions are:

is_ietf_tag – returns true if the provided IETF language tag is valid; nil else
- {{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag|nv}} →true←
- {{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag|xx}} →←
is_lang_name – returns true if the provided language name is valid; nil else
- {{lang|fn=is_lang_name|navajo}} →Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/tag from name' not found.←
- {{lang|fn=is_lang_name|xxxxx}} →Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/tag from name' not found.←
lang – the function that renders {{lang}}; listed here for completeness, this particular usage is more-or-less pointless
name_from_tag – returns the language name associated with the provided IETF language tag:
- {{lang|fn=name_from_tag|apa}} → Apache languages
tag_from_name – returns the ISO 639 language code (sometimes IETF language tag) associated with the provided language name:
- {{lang|fn=tag_from_name|havasupai}} → Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/tag from name' not found.
xlit – the function that renders {{transliteration}}; listed here for completeness, this particular usage is more-or-less pointless
- {{lang|fn=xlit|ar|DIN|al-Ḫawārizmī}} → al-Ḫawārizmī

Indicating writing script

If necessary, an ISO 15924 script code can be appended to a language code to indicate the use of a specific script. For instance, Tajik (tg) is a language which can be found written in Arabic (Arab), Latin (Latn), and Cyrillic (Cyrl) scripts, making it necessary to always specify which script is in use. In such a case, taking care to preserve the script code's capitalization, we could end up with the following code (language tags in bold):

Tajik ({{lang|tg-Arab|rtl=yes|تاجیکی}}, {{lang|tg-Latn|toçikī}}, {{lang|tg-Cyrl|тоҷикӣ}})

Tajik (تاجیکی, toçikī, тоҷикӣ)

Many languages, however, are so commonly written in one particular script that specifying the script is unnecessary. Russian, for instance, is almost exclusively written in Cyrillic, so there is no need to specify ru-Cyrl, just as en-Latn would be unnecessary for English. The subtag registry contains up-to-date information on which languages have common script codes that should be "suppressed".

Transliteration

To mark a language which has been transliterated from one script into another, append the new script's code to the code of the original language. So if transliterating from Russian Cyrillic to a Latin script, the language tag on the transliteration would be ru-Latn. If the transliteration scheme is known, and listed as a "variant" in the subtag registry, it can be appended after any script and region codes. For example, Chinese transliterated into a Latin script using the pinyin system would be zh-Latn-pinyin. As a convenience for transliterating to Latin scripts, and to work around browser styling issues with some language and script combinations, {{ transliteration }} may be used in place of {{lang}}:

Moscow ({{lang|ru|Москва}}, {{transliteration|ru|Moskva}}) → Moscow (Москва, transl. ru – transl. Moskva)

To specify a transliteration scheme, such as the ISO transliteration standard for Cyrillic, use Seunaleuëk:Tlc.

Glyphs not connected to a particular language

The {{lang}} template is not used to specify a single symbol or character in a script, unrelated to any specific language. Many times the character or symbol is used in several languages, but when the article refers to the grapheme itself, the template {{ script }} should be used:

The Chinese character {{script|Hani|字}} has 6 strokes.

The Chinese character 字 has 6 strokes.

Chinese characters (Seunaleuëk:Aka Han characters) have been used to write Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, and numerous other languages. In this case the character does not represent a use specific to any language in particular. Note that the script code used is Hani, which specifies Chinese characters generally, as opposed to Hant and Hans for traditional and simplified characters respectively.

Languages with no code

The code mis, for “miscellaneous", is used to indicate that the language does not appear in ISO-639.

Indicating regional variant

When it is necessary to indicate region-specific language, an ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, or UN M49 region code, should be added to the language tag, taking care to preserve capitalization. For example, Portuguese (pt) as used in Brazil (BR) could be represented as pt-BR, and Spanish as used in Latin America as es-419.

Additionally, language, script, and region codes can all appear in the same tag. For instance, the code zh-Hant-TW should be used for Chinese text written with Traditional Han characters, containing words or expressions specific to Taiwan:

Taiwan ({{lang|zh-Hant-TW|臺灣}}, {{transliteration|zh|Táiwān}})

Taiwan (Lua error in Modul:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value)., transl. zh – transl. Táiwān)

Private-use language tags

This template supports various private-use IETF language tags. Private-use tags contain the -x- singleton and are used by the template to identify languages that are different, for one reason or another, from the base language identified by the ISO 639 language tag. Galat skrip: tidak ada modul tersebut "Lang/documentor tool".

Links

{{lang}} emits a language-specific category link when used in article space (one of the categories in Seunaleuëk:Cl). Category wikilinks within wikilinks are not accepted by MediaWiki.

This example is a simulation because {{lang}} does not categorize in the Template namespace:

[[Book of hours|{{lang|de|Stundenbuch}}]]

[[Book of hours|<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stundenbuch</i></span>[[Category:Articles containing German-language text]]]]

[[Book of hours|Stundenbuch]]

To create a working link, set |nocat=yes:

[[Book of hours|{{lang|de|Stundenbuch|nocat=yes}}]]

[[Book of hours|<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Stundenbuch</i></span>]]

Stundenbuch

When using {{lang}} with {{Interlanguage link}}, use that template's link-text parameter |lt=:

{{ill|Ehōmaki|ja|恵方巻|lt={{lang|ja-Latn|ehōmaki|nocat=yes}}}}

[[:Seunaleuëk:Ill]]

Seunaleuëk:Ill

When using {{lang}} with non-English wiktionary links:

[[wikt:Κλεοπάτρα#Ancient Greek|{{lang|grc|Κλεοπάτρα|nocat=yes}}]]

[[wikt:Κλεοπάτρα#Ancient Greek|<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Κλεοπάτρα</span></span>]]

Κλεοπάτρα

In general, when using {{lang}} with wikilinks, markup the wikilink's display (piped) text, not the entire wikilink.

Rationale

Seunaleuëk:Section link requires the use of {{ lang }} instead of manual ''italics''. This is preferred for the following reasons:

Web browsers can use the information in such multilingual support templates to choose an appropriate font.
- This is great for CJK where a character can be given its language-specific shape but will fall back to another form if no appropriate font is found or if the preferred font lacks that character, for example because the language does not make use of that character: see Seunaleuëk:Section link and these comparison tables with a screenshot.
For accessibility – screen readers need language info to speak text in the correct language – and to satisfy Wikipedia accessibility guidelines.^[2]
For spell checkers and grammar checkers, to match the text to the dictionary and syntax of the correct language.
To prevent the page from showing up on the Wikipedia:Typo Team/moss/not English report, which flags articles needing translation.
To help browsers choose appropriate quotation marks,^[3] and make decisions about hyphenation,^[3] ligatures,^[4] and spacing.^[3]
Users can apply styles to languages in their style sheets (useful for editors).
Search engines can use this information when indexing text.
Facilitates better data-scraping, parsing, and reuse.
Useful for application developers who re-publish Wikipedia (also see Seunaleuëk:Section link).
Useful for research or compiling statistics about language use in Wikipedia.

Applying styles

Registered users can apply custom CSS styles to articles by placing style declarations in their user style sheet. The user style sheet can be created at Special:Mypage/common.css. For more information, see Help:User style. The following examples should work in most modern browsers.

To apply a specific font to all text marked as Russian of any script or region:

[lang|=ru] { font-family: fonteskaya; }
/* or */
:lang(ru) { font-family: fonteskaya; }

To apply a specific font to text marked simply as Russian:

[lang=ru] { font-family: fonteskaya; }

To apply a color to all text marked with any language:

[lang] { color: green; }

If a font name contains characters besides basic Latin letters or hyphens, it is a good idea to enclose it in quotation marks because some such characters have special meanings (the most common case needing quotation marks is a multi-word font name with space characters). Quotation marks are also required for font families containing generic-family keywords ('inherit', 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'monospace', 'fantasy', and 'cursive'). See the W3C for more details.

You can combine this with font imports in your user stylesheet, for example, to show all German text in Fraktur and all Urdu in Noto Nastaliq Urdu Regular:

@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=UnifrakturMaguntia);
@import url(http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/notonastaliqurdudraft.css);

:lang(de) {
   font-family: UnifrakturMaguntia;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: normal;
}

:lang(ur) {
   font-family: "Noto Nastaliq Urdu Regular", "Noto Nastaliq Urdu";
}

then the following wikitext will look like the image below:

Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den Sylter Deich

{{lang|de-Latf|Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den Sylter Deich}}

ٹھنڈ میں، ایک قحط زدہ گاؤں سے گزرتے وقت ایک چڑچڑے، بااثر و فارغ شخص کو بعض جل پری نما اژدہے نظر آئے۔

{{lang|ur|ٹھنڈ میں، ایک قحط زدہ گاؤں سے گزرتے وقت ایک چڑچڑے، بااثر و فارغ شخص کو بعض جل پری نما اژدہے نظر آئے۔}}

Tracking categories

TemplateData

Seunaleuëk:TemplateData header

Indicate that a given span of text belongs to a particular language. Allows browsers to correctly present and pronounce foreign languages.

Parameter templat
Templat ini lebih menyukai format parameter dalam satu baris.
Parameter		Keterangan	Jenis	Status
Language tag	`1` `code`	A language tag, or an ISO 639 language code. Contoh fr	Kata	wajib diisi
Text	`2` `text`	The text belonging to the language specified. Contoh Je suis française.	Kata	wajib diisi
Right to left	`rtl`	Indicates that the language should be displayed from right to left. Bawaan no Contoh yes	Kata	opsional
Italicize	`italic` `italics` `i`	Italicizes the text Bawaan yes Contoh no	Boolean	opsional
Font-size	`size`	sets font-size Contoh 120%, 1.2em	Baris	opsional
cat	`cat`	inhibits automatic categorization	Boolean	opsional
nocat	`nocat`	inhibits automatic categorization (mirror version of \|cat=)	Boolean	opsional

References

↑ "Language tags in HTML and XML" at World Wide Web Consortium
↑ Heilmann, Chris (13 Mar 2008). "Yahoo! search results now with natural language support". Yahoo! Developer Network Blog. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 Jan 2009. Diakses tanggal 28 Feb 2015.
1 2 3 Ishida, Richard (18 November 2014). "Why use the language attribute?". World Wide Web Consortium. Diakses tanggal 1 Mar 2015.
↑ "6.4 Ligatures: the font-variant-ligatures property". CSS Fonts Module Level 3 W3C Candidate Recommendation 3 October 2013.

External links

↑ Salah kutip: Tanda <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama "invertunset"

Salah kutip: Ditemukan tanda <ref> untuk kelompok bernama "lower-alpha", tapi tidak ditemukan tanda <references group="lower-alpha"/> yang berkaitan

[1] "Language tags in HTML and XML" at World Wide Web Consortium

[3] Heilmann, Chris (13 Mar 2008). "Yahoo! search results now with natural language support". Yahoo! Developer Network Blog. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 Jan 2009. Diakses tanggal 28 Feb 2015.

[qa-lang-why-4] 1 2 3 Ishida, Richard (18 November 2014). "Why use the language attribute?". World Wide Web Consortium. Diakses tanggal 1 Mar 2015.

[5] "6.4 Ligatures: the font-variant-ligatures property". CSS Fonts Module Level 3 W3C Candidate Recommendation 3 October 2013.

[invertunset-2] Salah kutip: Tanda <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama "invertunset"

[1]

[lower-alpha 1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Language templates
Language names (ISO 639)
{{ ISO 639 name }}
Interwiki links
{{ Wikt-lang }} Module:Wikt-lang Module:Wikt-lang/data {{ Interlanguage link }} {{ Interwiki link }}
Foreign-language text
{{ Lang }} {{ Langx }} Module:Lang {{ Langlink }} {{ Transliteration }} {{ Title language }}
Other
{{ IPA }}
v · d · e