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Prang Rusia-Turuki (1877-1878)

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Russo-Turkish War
Saboh nibak the Great Eastern Crisis and the Russo-Turkish wars
MixCollage-15-Jan-2024-08-56-PM-4371.jpg
Clockwise, from top left: the Action off Măcin, the Battle of Shipka Pass, the Battle of Tashkessen, the Siege of Plevna
Tarèh 24 April 1877 – 3 March 1878
(Seunaleuëk:Age in years, months, weeks and days)
Teumpat keujadian Balkans, Caucasus
Hasé Russian coalition victory, see Seunaleuëk:Slink
Meuubah
wilayah		 * Establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria
Pihak nyang meuprang
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Seunaleuëk:Flagdeco Romania
Seunaleuëk:Flagdeco Serbia
Seunaleuëk:Flagicon image Montenegro
Serbian rebels
Greek rebels
Kurdish rebels

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Seunaleuëk:Flagicon image Imamate rebels
Abkhazian rebels

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Panglima
Teuga Aseuka
Seunaleuëk:Country data Ottoman Empire:
Initial: 70,000 in the Caucasus
Total: 281,000[9]
Spring of 1877
Olender: 490,000–530,000
Barry: 378,000
Keureubeuën
Total: 96,733–111,166 dead[10][11]
Total: 90,000–120,000 dead[14]
500,000–1.5 million Muslim and Jewish civilians displaced[16][17]

Seunaleuëk:Campaignbox Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) Seunaleuëk:Campaignbox Great Eastern Crisis Seunaleuëk:Russo-Ottoman War Series

Prang Rusia-Turuki [lower-alpha 1] (1877-1878) nakeuh saboh komplik antara Keurajeuën Utsmaniyah ngon koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Keurajeuën Rusia nyang tamöng lam nyan nakeuh Rumania, Serbia, ngon Montenegro. Peunyebab nyang peuphon prang nyan nakeuh h'eut Rusia keu jireubot keulayi wilayah nyang ka gadoh bak masa Prang Krimea thôn 1853–1856, jipeudong keulayi keududukan jih di La'ôt Itam, ngon jidukông gerakan politik nyang meuhajat peubeubaih bansa-bansa Balkan dari Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah. Di Rumania, prang nyan geukheun Prang Rusia-Rumania-Turki (1877–1878) atawa Prang Keumeurdekaan Rumania (1877–1878).

Koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Rusia meunang lam prang nyan, jipeutalô ureuëng Usmaniyah sampoë trok u pintô Keuseutatinopel, nyang jeuët keu seubab campô tangan kuwasa-kuwasa rayek Éropa Barat. Akibatjih, Rusia meuhasé jireubôt provinsi-provinsi di Kaukasus, nakeuh Kars ngon Batum, dan jicok cit wilayah Budjak. Keu-adèpan Rumania, Serbia, ngon Montenegro, nyang maséng-maséng ka na kedaulatan de facto ka padum-padum thôn, sacara raseumi geupeunyata droe meurdéka nibak Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah. Lheueh rab limong abad di yub kuwasa Uthumaniyah (1396–1878), Bulgaria lahé seubagoe nanggroe otonom ngon dukôngan meunan cit campô tangan militè dari Rusia.

Neukalön cit

[peusaneut | peusaneut asai]
  • Pemberontakan Usman Pasha Bedirkhan
  • Pembunuhan Batak
  • Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-78)
  • Peumbunuhan Harmanli
  • Seujarah Balkan .
  • Tugu keu Peubeubaih Tsar .
  • Peumeurintah Rusia Seumentara di Bulgaria .
  • Prang Meurdéhka Rumania
  • Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-1878) urutan prang: Angkatan La'ôt Utsmaniyah
  • <i id="mwBgI">Serbo-Rusia Buleuen Maret 2019</i>
  • Tugu Rusia di San Stefano
  • Gambit Turki nyan .
  • Keu prang .

Nè

[peusaneut | peusaneut asai]
  1. ↑ Torsten Ekman (2006). Suomen kaarti 1812–1905 (dalam bahasa Suomi). Helsinki: Schildts. ISBN 951-50-1534-0.
  2. ↑ "Hamid Zahir Mahmoud, Assist.Prof.Dr.Qahtan Ahmed Farhoud Russian war-Ottoman Empire (1877-1878 AD) and the role of Sheikh Obaid Allah Al-Nahri in it p.947".
  3. ↑ Tenik, Ali (2015). Tarihsel süreçte Kürt coğrafyasında tasavvuf ve tarîkatlar (dalam bahasa Turki). Nûbihar. hlm. 134–135. ISBN 9786055053659.
  4. ↑ Jwaideh, Wadie (2006). The Kurdish National Movement. Syracuse University Press. hlm. 96. ISBN 9780815630937.
  5. ↑ Timothy C. Dowling. Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. 2 Volumes. ABC-CLIO, 2014. p. 748
  6. ↑ Menning B. W. Bayonets before Bullets: the Imperial Russian Army, 1861–1914. Indiana University Press, 2000. P. 55. ISBN 0-253-21380-0
  7. ↑ Olender P. Russo-Turkish Naval War 1877–1878. 2017. Stratus. p. 88. ISBN 978-83-65281-36-4
  8. ↑ "ARMATA ROMANA IN RAZBOIUL DE INDEPENDENTA AL ROMANIEI (1877-1878)". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-04-27.
  9. ↑ Мерников, АГ (2005), Спектор А. А. Всемирная история войн (dalam bahasa Rusia), Minsk, hlm. 376
  10. 1 2 3 Urlanis, Boris C. (1960). "Войны в период домонополистического капитализма (Ч. 2)". Войны и народонаселение Европы. Людские потери вооруженных сил европейских стран в войнах XVII–XX вв. (Историко-статистическое исследование) [Wars and the population of Europe. Human losses of the armed forces of European countries in the wars of the 17th–20th centuries (Historical and statistical research)] (dalam bahasa Rusia). М.: Seunaleuëk:Ill. hlm. 104–105, 129 § 4.
  11. 1 2 Büyük Larousse, cilt VII, s. 3282–3283, Milliyet Yayınları (1986)
  12. ↑ Scafes, Cornel, et al., Armata Romania in Razvoiul de Independenta 1877–1878 (The Romanian Army in the War of Independence 1877–1878). Bucuresti, Editura Sigma, 2002, p. 149 (Romence)
  13. 1 2 Urlanis, Boris C. Войны и народонаселение Европы, Часть II, Глава II.
  14. 1 2 3 Мерников А. Г.; Спектор А. А. (2005). Всемирная история войн. Мн.: Харвест. ISBN 985-13-2607-0.
  15. ↑ "Turkish prisoners of war 1877–1878: accommodation, keeping, relationships with the population of the Russian provinces". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 April 2021. Diakses tanggal 13 December 2020.
  16. ↑ The Middle East, Abstracts and Index. Northumberland Press. 1999. hlm. 493.
  17. ↑ Karpat, Kemal. Ottoman Population. hlm. 72–75.
  1. ↑ Turkish: 93 Harbi, lit. 'War of '93', named for the year 1293 in the Islamic calendar; Russian: Русско-турецкая война, romanized: Russko-turetskaya voyna
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